A: Choose the correct option:
- Which animal is a flightless bird and a national symbol of New Zealand?
a) Kiwi
b) Penguin
c) Ostrich
d) Emu
✅ Correct answer: a) Kiwi
- The first European explorer to reach New Zealand was:
a) Captain James Cook
b) Abel Tasman
c) Marco Polo
d) Christopher Columbus
✅ Correct answer: b) Abel Tasman
- Which crop is most widely grown in New Zealand?
a) Wheat
b) Barley
c) Grapes
d) Grass (for dairy farming)
✅ Correct answer: d) Grass (for dairy farming)
- What is geothermal energy?
a) Energy from the sun
b) Energy from ocean waves
c) Heat energy from inside the Earth
d) Energy from wind
✅ Correct answer: c) Heat energy from inside the Earth
- Most of New Zealand’s population lives in:
a) Mountain areas
b) Coastal regions
c) Deserts
d) Rainforests
✅ Correct answer: b) Coastal regions
B: Fill in the blanks
1: New Zealand was discovered by the Dutch sea captain Abel Tasman.
2: Kauri is an example of a native tree found in New Zealand.
3: Refrigeration facilities help in transporting dairy products over long distances.
4: The Maori were the first inhabitants of New Zealand.
5: The Canterbury Plains is the most fertile region of New Zealand.
6: Air New Zealand is the official airline of New Zealand.
C: Mark the wrong statements and correct them:
1: New Zealand lies in the South Atlantic Ocean.
❌ Correction: New Zealand lies in the South Pacific Ocean.
2: Laptop was a volcanic crater.
❌ Correction: Lake Taupo was a volcanic crater.
3: New Zealand has a moderate climate.
✅ Correct.
4: Rich reserves of minerals are found in New Zealand.
❌ Correction: New Zealand has limited mineral resources, but some deposits of gold, coal, and natural gas exist.
5: Auckland is the capital of New Zealand.
❌ Correction: Wellington is the capital of New Zealand.
6: Merino sheep are reared for meat.
❌ Correction: Merino sheep are reared for fine wool, not meat.
D: Answer these questions in 10–20 words:
- What is the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of New Zealand?
New Zealand lies between 34°S to 47°S latitude and 166°E to 179°E longitude. - What do you understand by the Pacific Ring of Fire?
It is a zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity around the edges of the Pacific Ocean. - What are fiords? Where are they most commonly found in New Zealand?
Fiords are deep, narrow sea inlets between high cliffs, mostly found in South Island’s southwest coast. - Where is agriculture mostly practiced in New Zealand and why?
Agriculture is practiced in plains and lowlands due to fertile soil, good rainfall, and mild climate. - What is geothermal energy?
Geothermal energy is heat energy obtained from the Earth’s hot rocks and underground steam. - Why has the growth of industries in New Zealand slowed?
Industries grew slowly due to limited resources, small population, and distance from global markets. - Name the main items of export and import of New Zealand.
Exports: Dairy, meat, wool, fruits
Imports: Machinery, vehicles, fuel, electronic goods - What is the composition of New Zealand’s population?
Most people are of European origin, followed by Maoris and other Pacific Islanders and Asians. - Mention the special features of Maori art.
Maori art includes carvings, tattoos (moko), and weaving, showing their culture and stories. - Why has the Maori population greatly reduced since the coming of the Europeans?
European diseases, wars, and loss of land led to a sharp drop in the Maori population.
Look at the essay on Storybook Characters I would like to meet
Also, look for the Study Guide of Ozymandias
E: Answer these questions in 50–60 words:
- Explain the factors that affect the climate of New Zealand.
New Zealand’s climate is influenced by its location in the Southern Hemisphere, the surrounding ocean, and mountain ranges. The sea keeps temperatures mild, and the mountains affect rainfall. The west coast gets more rain, while the east is drier. Winds from the sea also bring moisture. - New Zealand has some animal species typical to this part of the world. Name three species and mention one characteristic feature of each.
- Kiwi: A flightless bird, New Zealand’s national symbol.
- Tuatara: A reptile found only in New Zealand.
- Kea: A clever mountain parrot that lives in the South Island.
- Describe the Maoris in terms of dress and activities.
Traditional Maoris wear clothes made from flax fibers and decorate themselves with tattoos. They are skilled in fishing, farming, carving, and performing haka, a war dance. Today, most Maoris live modern lives but still follow many cultural traditions.
F: Answer these questions in 75–100 words:
- Give an account of the discovery and settlement of New Zealand.
The first settlers of New Zealand were the Maoris, who arrived from Polynesia around 1,000 years ago. In 1642, Dutch explorer Abel Tasman saw the islands but did not settle. Later in 1769, British explorer Captain James Cook mapped the land. British settlers came in the 19th century, bringing new customs and starting towns. Maoris lost much land, and their population declined, but their culture still remains strong today. - Compare the physical features of the North Island with those of the South Island.
North Island has more volcanoes, hot springs, and fertile plains, along with the country’s largest cities. It is warmer and better for farming.
South Island has the Southern Alps, deep valleys, and fiords. It is more mountainous, colder, and has beautiful scenery, forests, and sheep farms. - Why is dairy farming important in New Zealand? Examine its significance in the country’s economy.
New Zealand has a mild climate, rich grasslands, and clean water, which make it perfect for dairy farming. Milk, butter, and cheese are produced in large amounts. These products are used locally and also exported. Dairy farming provides jobs, supports rural families, and earns foreign money for the country, making it a key part of the economy.
G: Give reasons for the following:
- New Zealand experiences a mild climate.
It is surrounded by oceans that keep temperatures moderate and prevent extreme heat or cold. - Many of New Zealand’s native plant species are not found anywhere else in the world.
New Zealand’s long isolation allowed plants to evolve uniquely without outside influence. - Farming is highly recognized in New Zealand.
Farming supports the economy, provides food, and earns money through exports like dairy and wool. - Water power provides 90% of New Zealand’s electricity.
Fast-flowing rivers and high rainfall make hydroelectric power the main source of electricity. - New Zealand has a large number of agro-based industries.
Its strong farming sector supplies raw materials like wool, milk, and fruits for industries.