Major Landforms and Water Bodies of the Earth Question and Answer| ICSE Class 6

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A: Choose the Correct Option:

  1. A continent that lies on both sides of the Equator is → (b) Africa
  2. The Alps are located in → (c) Europe
  3. The highest plateau in the world is → (b) Tibet
  4. The shape of the Atlantic Ocean is like the alphabet → (d) S
  5. A narrow stretch of water that joins two large water bodies is called → (d) Strait

B: Fill in the Blanks:

  1. The Sierra Nevada is a mountain range.
  2. Plateaus are rich in minerals.
  3. Alluvial plains are formed by rivers.
  4. The Isthmus of Panama joins North America and South America.
  5. The Indian Ocean is the only ocean to be named after a country.

C: Mark the Wrong Statements and Correct Them

  1. Antarctica is smaller than Australia. ❌ (Wrong) → Antarctica is larger than Australia.
  2. Europe is bound by the Atlantic Ocean in the north and the Arctic Ocean in the south. ❌ (Wrong) → Europe is bound by the Arctic Ocean in the north and the Atlantic Ocean in the west.
  3. Mountains generally occur in long chains called peaks. ❌ (Wrong) → Mountains generally occur in long chains called ranges.
  4. Fold mountains are formed due to the forces of compression. ✅ (Correct)
  5. Indented coastlines provide excellent locations for ports. ✅ (Correct)

D: Categorize Under Correct Headings

Mountains: Rockies, Aravalli, Vesuvius
Plateaus: Patagonia, Russian Platform
Plains: West Siberian, Ganga Basin
Water bodies: Black, Hudson, Titicaca

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E: Answer in 10-20 Words:

  1. Name the landform features that separate Europe and Asia.
     The Ural Mountains, Caspian Sea, and the Caucasus Mountains separate Europe from Asia.
  2. Which is the smallest continent? What is its other name?
     Australia is the smallest continent. It is also known as Oceania.
  3. Find the highest mountain peaks of each continent using an atlas.
    • Asia: Mount Everest
    • Africa: Mount Kilimanjaro
    • North America: Denali (Mount McKinley)
    • South America: Aconcagua
    • Europe: Mount Elbrus
    • Australia: Mount Kosciuszko
    • Antarctica: Mount Vinson
  4. Classify mountains based on origin and give examples.
    • Fold Mountains: Himalayas
    • Block Mountains: Vosges
    • Volcanic Mountains: Mount Fuji
  5. What is a plateau? Give two examples.
     A plateau is a flat-topped landform elevated above the surroundings. Examples: Deccan Plateau (India), Colorado Plateau (USA).
  6. How is an intermontane plateau different from a piedmont plateau?
    • Intermontane plateau: Surrounded by mountains (Tibetan Plateau).
    • Piedmont plateau: Lies at the base of mountains (Piedmont Plateau, USA).
  7. Name two mountain ranges, two plateaus, and two plains in India.
    • Mountains: Himalayas, Aravalli
    • Plateaus: Deccan, Chhota Nagpur
    • Plains: Indo-Gangetic, Brahmaputra
  8. Which continents border the Indian Ocean?
     Asia, Africa, and Australia.
  9. Distinguish between a bay and a gulf.
    • Bay: Broad inlet with a wide opening (e.g., Bay of Bengal).
    • Gulf: Deep inlet with a narrow entrance (e.g., Gulf of Mexico).
  10. What are lakes? Name two large lakes (one in Asia, one in Africa).
     Lakes are water bodies surrounded by land.
    • Asia: Caspian Sea (largest saltwater lake)
    • Africa: Lake Victoria

F: Answer in 50-60 Words:

  1. How are fold mountains formed? Compare young and old fold mountains.
     Fold mountains form when tectonic plates collide, causing the land to fold upwards.
    • Young fold mountains: Tall, rugged (e.g., Himalayas).
    • Old fold mountains: Eroded, rounded (e.g., Appalachian Mountains).
  2. What is a residual mountain? Give an example.
     A residual mountain is formed by erosion of surrounding land. Example: Nilgiri Hills (India).
  3. How are volcanic plateaus formed? Give examples.
     Volcanic plateaus form from lava accumulation over time. Example: Deccan Plateau (India), Columbia Plateau (USA).
  4. How are depositional plains formed? Name two such plains.
     Formed by deposition of sediments from rivers, glaciers, or winds. Examples: Indo-Gangetic Plain (India), Mississippi River Plain (USA).
  5. How is an isthmus different from a strait?
    • Isthmus: Narrow land connecting two landmasses (e.g., Isthmus of Panama).
    • Strait: Narrow waterway connecting two larger water bodies (e.g., Strait of Gibraltar).

G: Answer in 75-100 Words:

  1. Distinguish between block mountains and volcanic mountains with examples.
    • Block Mountains form due to faulting (e.g., Black Forest in Germany).
    • Volcanic Mountains form from lava eruptions (e.g., Mount St. Helens).
  2. How are mountains useful?
    • Source of rivers
    • Provide minerals and forests
    • Attract tourists
    • Influence climate
  3. Importance of plateaus as a natural resource
    • Rich in minerals (Deccan Plateau – India)
    • Ideal for agriculture (Loess Plateau – China)
    • Supports hydroelectric power generation
  4. Which is the largest ocean? Describe its characteristics.
    • Pacific Ocean
    • Covers 30% of Earth’s surface
    • Deepest ocean (Mariana Trench)
    • Many islands and coral reefs
  5. Examine the significance of oceans.
    • Regulate climate
    • Source of food and minerals
    • Important for trade and transport

H: Give Reasons

  1. Antarctica is called the frozen continent.
    • Covered in ice throughout the year.
  2. Plateaus provide ideal conditions for hydroelectricity.
    • Rivers flow from elevated areas, providing energy.
  3. 90% of the world’s population lives in plains.
    • Fertile soil, water availability, easy transportation.
  4. Earth is called the blue planet.
    • 71% of Earth is covered with water.
  5. The Atlantic Ocean is the busiest ocean.
    • Major trade routes between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

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