SouthAmerica-Location and Physical Features Question and Answer | ICSE Class 7

This page presents key South America Location and Physical Features ICSE Class 7 Questions and answers to help students understand the continent’s geography. The chapter covers South America’s exact location, major mountains, rivers, plateaus, plains, and surrounding water bodies. These solved Q&As make it easier for ICSE Class 7 students to revise and prepare effectively for exams.

A. Tick the correct answers:

1. Which of the following water bodies does not surround South America?
   Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea
   Ans: Mediterranean Sea
   
2. The capital of Argentina is:
   Buenos Aires, La Paz, Bogotá, Montevideo
   Ans: Buenos Aires
   
3. The highest peak of the Andes Cordillera is:
   Mount Cotopaxi, Mount Tupungato, Mount Aconcagua, Mount Chimborazo
   Ans: Mount Aconcagua
   
4. The La Plata river basin is also known as the:
   Llanos, Selvas, Gran Chaco, Pampas
   Ans: Pampas
   
5. The Amazon River rises in the mountains of which of the following countries?
   Brazil, Peru, Argentina, Bolivia
   Ans: Peru
   

B. Fill in the blanks:

1. The mainland of South America is separated from Tierra del Fuego Island by the Strait of Magellan.
   
2. Brazil was colonized by the Portuguese.
   
3. The Angel Falls is located in the Guiana Highlands.
   
4. The Western Coastal strip of South America lies between the Andes Cordillera and the Pacific Ocean.
   
5. The Amazon River drains into the Atlantic Ocean.
   

C. Give reasons for the following:

1. The South American colonies rebelled against the Spanish and Portuguese rulers.
   
   Ans: The South American colonies rebelled due to:
   
   • Exploitation of natural resources by Spain and Portugal.
     
   • Oppression of native populations and forced labor.
     
   • The influence of the American and French Revolutions, which encouraged independence.
     
   • High taxes and trade restrictions, which hurt local economies.
     
   • Nationalist movements led by leaders like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín.
     
2. The Amazon River is an important waterway.
   
   Ans: The Amazon River is important because:
   
   • It is the second-longest river in the world and the largest by volume.
     
   • It provides water for agriculture, fishing, and hydroelectric power.
     
   • It serves as a major transport route for remote areas.
     
   • It supports a diverse ecosystem, including the Amazon Rainforest.
     

Look at the essay on Storybook My Dream Business Essay- 5 Checklist and 4 things determine the type of Business

Also, look for the Study Guide of Major Landforms and Waterbodies of the Earth

D. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of South America? Which important latitude passes through the northern part of this continent?
   
   Ans:
   
   • The latitudinal extent of South America is 12°N to 55°S.
     
   • The longitudinal extent is 35°W to 81°W.
     
   • The important latitude passing through the northern part is the Equator (0°).
     
2. Which countries form Latin America?
   
   Ans: Latin America includes countries in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean where Spanish and Portuguese are spoken. Some South American countries in Latin America are:
   
   • Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia.
     
3. What is the name given to the western mountains of South America? Mention three characteristic features of these mountains.
   
   Ans: The western mountains of South America are called the Andes Mountains.
   Three features of the Andes:
   
   • They are the longest mountain range in the world, stretching over 7,000 km.
     
   • They have active volcanoes, including Cotopaxi and Ojos del Salado.
     
   • They create a rain shadow effect, making the Atacama Desert one of the driest places on Earth.
     
4. Name the three river basins found in the central lowlands. What is the meaning of Llanos and Selvas?
   
   Ans: The three river basins in the central lowlands are:
   
   • Amazon River Basin
     
   • La Plata River Basin
     
   • Orinoco River Basin
     
5. Llanos: Tropical grasslands found in Venezuela and Colombia.
   Selvas: Dense rainforests found in the Amazon Basin.
   
6. Write a short note on the Eastern Highlands.
   
   Ans: The Eastern Highlands consist of:
   
   • The Brazilian Highlands, which cover most of Brazil and contain rich iron ore and mineral deposits.
     
   • The Guiana Highlands, found in Venezuela, Guyana, and Suriname, where Angel Falls (the world’s highest waterfall) is located.
     
   • They have a rolling plateau with rivers that drain into the Amazon and La Plata Basins.
     

Name two countries through which the Amazon River passes.

Ans: The Amazon River flows through Peru and Brazil.