A: Choose the Correct Option
- Which of the following statements is not true with respect to pollution?
→ It results in higher productivity - What type of pollution is caused by CFCs?
→ Air - Which of the following is lightly susceptible to thermal pollution?
→ Air - What type of pollution is caused by the manufacture of atomic weapons?
→ Radioactive
B: Fill in the Blanks
- The substance or agent which pollutes is called a pollutant.
- The Ozone Layer is found in the stratosphere.
- Eutrophication is caused by an oversupply of organic or mineral nutrients.
- Oversized billboards cause visual pollution.
C: Answer these questions in 10-20 words
1. Define the term pollution.
Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances into the environment, causing damage to ecosystems and human health.
2. What is a pollutant? What are the two types of pollutants?
A pollutant is a harmful substance that causes pollution. The two types are primary pollutants and secondary pollutants.
3. What are the main causes of air pollution?
Burning fossil fuels, industrial emissions, deforestation, and vehicular emissions are major causes of air pollution.
4. How does water pollution affect us?
Water pollution leads to health issues, loss of marine life, and contamination of drinking water sources.
5. What are the harmful effects of nuclear power generation?
It causes radioactive contamination, cancer risks, genetic mutations, and long-term environmental damage.
6. Name four items that are visual irritants.
Oversized billboards, excessive neon lights, littered streets, and electrical wires crisscrossing cities.
D: Answer these questions in 50-60 words
1. Discuss why pollution is harmful to the ecosystems.
Pollution disrupts natural habitats, reduces biodiversity, and contaminates land, air, and water. It affects plant and animal life, leading to ecosystem imbalances. Pollutants like plastics, chemicals, and oil spills harm marine and terrestrial species, while air pollution contributes to climate change and acid rain, further damaging ecosystems.
2. Explain the causes of water and land pollution.
Water pollution is caused by industrial waste, sewage disposal, agricultural runoff, and oil spills. Land pollution results from improper waste disposal, deforestation, mining activities, and excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers. Both types of pollution degrade natural resources, harm wildlife, and pose health risks to humans.
3. What are the various causes of noise pollution? How does it affect us?
Noise pollution is caused by traffic, industrial activities, construction, loudspeakers, and aircraft. It leads to stress, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and reduced concentration. Prolonged exposure can cause high blood pressure and mental health issues. Regulations and noise barriers can help reduce its impact.
4. Explain the occurrences of thermal pollution, light pollution, and visual pollution.
Thermal pollution occurs when industries release hot water into water bodies, disrupting aquatic life. Light pollution results from excessive artificial lighting, affecting wildlife and human health. Visual pollution includes billboards, waste dumps, and power lines, making surroundings unattractive and distracting.
Look at the essay on My Favourite Subject English
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E: Give Reasons for the Following
- Automobiles should go for regular pollution checks.
Regular pollution checks help reduce harmful emissions, improve air quality, and prevent environmental degradation caused by vehicle exhaust. - Farmers should not use too much chemical fertilizers.
Excessive fertilizers cause soil degradation, water pollution, and eutrophication, harming aquatic life and reducing long-term soil fertility. - Industries should be located far from residential areas.
Industrial emissions cause air, noise, and water pollution, leading to respiratory issues and health hazards for people living nearby.